CSS Inheritance

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When you set some properties on a selector in CSS, they are inherited by all the children of that selector.

I said some, because not all properties show this behaviour.

This happens because some properties make sense to be inherited. This helps us write CSS much more concisely, since we don't have to explicitly set that property again on every single children.

Some other properties make more sense to not be inherited.

Think about fonts: you don't need to apply the font-family to every single tag of your page. You set the body tag font, and every children inherits it, along with other properties.

The background-color property, on the other hand, makes little sense to be inherited.

Properties that inherit

Here is a list of the properties that do inherit. The list is non-comprehensive, but those rules are just the most popular ones you'll likely use:

  • border-collapse
  • border-spacing
  • caption-side
  • color
  • cursor
  • direction
  • empty-cells
  • font-family
  • font-size
  • font-style
  • font-variant
  • font-weight
  • font-size-adjust
  • font-stretch
  • font
  • letter-spacing
  • line-height
  • list-style-image
  • list-style-position
  • list-style-type
  • list-style
  • orphans
  • quotes
  • tab-size
  • text-align
  • text-align-last
  • text-decoration-color
  • text-indent
  • text-justify
  • text-shadow
  • text-transform
  • visibility
  • white-space
  • widows
  • word-break
  • word-spacing

I got it from this [nice Sitepoint article

Forcing properties to inherit

What if you have a property that's not inherited by default, and you want it to, in a children?

In the children, you set the property value to the special keyword inherit

Example: 


body {
  background-color :yellow;
} 

.container {
  background-color :inherit;
}

Forcing properties to NOT inherit

On the contrary, you might have a property inherited and you want to avoid so.

You can use the reverse keyword to revert it. In this case, the value is reverted to the original value the browser gave it in its default stylesheet.

In practice this is rarely used, and most of the times you'll just set another value for the property to overwrite that inherited value.

Other special values

In addition to the inherit and reverse special keywords we just saw, you can also set any property to:

  • initial use the default browser stylesheet if available. If not, and if the property inherits by default, inherit the value. Otherwise do nothing.
  • unset use the default browser stylesheet if available. If not, and if the property inherits by default, inherit the value. Otherwise do nothing.

Example 

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
  <head>
    <style>
    body {
      background-color :yellow;
    } 
    
    .container {
      background-color :inherit;
    } 
    </style>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/5.15.4/css/all.min.css">
    <title>Title of the Document</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div class="container">
      <p>this is yellow</p>
    </div>
  </body>
</html>
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